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Copyright

No material can be downloaded, in any form, if the purpose is to sell the material. All content in Police Chief or on this website is copyrighted by the International Association of Chiefs of Police.

To request permission to use an article, please fill out the appropriate IACP permissions form and send to dgudakunst@theiacp.org.

Copyright infringement is a violation of federal law subject to criminal and civil penalties. The IACP logo is a registered service mark of the International Association of Chiefs of Police, 44 Canal Center Plaza, Suite 200, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, USA, https://www.theiacp.org.