The Greater Toronto Area (GTA) is home to 6.4 million residents (according to the 2016 census), almost 50 percent of Ontario’s population. GTA highways are known to experience some of the most significant traffic congestion in North America. A recent study commissioned by the Canadian Automobile Association collected and analyzed speed and volume data on highways in urban areas across Canada to identify the worst highway bottlenecks. Of the top 20 in Canada, 10 were in the GTA. In relation to cities across the United States, GTA highways also ranked in the top 10 in terms of congestion.¹