{"id":76167,"date":"2024-01-02T08:00:40","date_gmt":"2024-01-02T13:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.policechiefmagazine.org\/?p=76167"},"modified":"2023-12-29T13:14:18","modified_gmt":"2023-12-29T18:14:18","slug":"informer-january-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.policechiefmagazine.org\/informer-january-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Informer: January 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Research abounds on topics related to law enforcement and criminal justice, and it can be difficult to sift through it all. Informer breaks down three studies for law enforcement leaders to help keep them up to date.<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #672767;\">Effects of Substance Use on Interrogation<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>While low-level offenses related to drugs or alcohol are fairly common, the role that substance use may play during suspect interrogations is understudied. This study examined the written notes taken during 136 police-suspect interrogations in Sweden. All interrogations pertained to low-level offenses related to drug or alcohol use. Researchers coded the notes to measure four interrogation methods (rapport and relationship-building, emotion provocation, confrontation, and presentation of evidence), level of suspect cooperation, suspect confessions, suspect intoxication, and signs of substance use disorder (SUD) in the suspect.<\/p>\n<p>The majority of suspects interrogated were intoxicated, hungover, or experiencing withdrawal. More than half also showed signs of an SUD. Presentation of evidence was the most common interrogation method, used in about 50 percent of interrogations.<\/p>\n<p>Confrontational interrogation methods were more commonly used among intoxicated suspects (compared to sober suspects), despite there being no significant difference in levels of cooperation. Suspects with symptoms of an SUD were more likely to confess than those without, but there was no difference in confession rates between intoxicated and sober suspects. These results indicate reason for caution in the possible effects of substance use on police-suspect interactions during interrogation.<\/p>\n<p>Angelica V. Hagsand et al., \u201cPolice-Suspect Interactions and Confession Rates Are Affected by Suspects\u2019 Alcohol and Drug Use Status in Low-Stakes Crime Interrogations,\u201d <em>Frontiers in Psychology<\/em> 13 (2022).<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #672767;\">Police Presence on Help-Seeking Behavior<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Policing and public health have become increasingly intertwined, yet the operational philosophies of both disciplines often remain juxtaposed with one another. This study assessed the effects of increased police presence on visits to a substance use clinic. Operation Clean Sweep (OCS) increased police presence in an area of Boston, Massachusetts, identified as showing high drug activity.<\/p>\n<p>Using a time series design, researchers examined visits to the substance use clinic prior to the start of, during, and after OCS. They found that clinic visits decreased significantly during OCS and rose again after OCS ended, suggesting that increased police presence might have deterred some substance users from help-seeking behavior. These data were compared against visits to the general internal medicine clinic\u2014used as a control group\u2014which remained stable across the 12-week period.<\/p>\n<p>In any intervention, it is important to consider potential unintended harms. Although the increased police presence of OCS was implemented to improve community safety, it may have unintentionally encouraged substance users who feared police apprehension to engage in riskier behavior. These results demonstrate the need for collaborative, multidisciplinary approaches to achieve common goals of public safety.<\/p>\n<p>Karrin Weisenthal et al., \u201cEffect of Police Action on Low-Barrier Substance Use Disorder Service Utilization,\u201d <em>Harm Reduction Journal<\/em> (2022).<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #672767;\">Navigating Changing Laws Related to Substance Use<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Laws regulating drug use are changing, with some jurisdictions decriminalizing or legalizing substances that were once illicit. The state of Oregon legalized recreational cannabis use in 2016. Three years later, 301 law enforcement officers were surveyed on their experiences transitioning to legal cannabis use.<\/p>\n<p>Findings reflected that the new laws were complex and hard to interpret, making them difficult to enforce. Officers in this study shared that there were different regulations for cannabis use issued by the Oregon Health Authority, the Oregon Liquor and Cannabis Commission, and the Oregon Department of Agriculture. Rather than reducing police responsibility, the new laws had introduced new police responsibilities related to personal possession limits, homegrown cannabis, and transportation across state lines. However, officers felt that they had not been sufficiently trained on these changes and, as a result, enforced only the most egregious violations. Officers also perceived an increase in illegal behavior related to the use or possession of cannabis.<\/p>\n<p>As other jurisdictions consider changing laws on illicit substances, they can draw from the experiences of states like Oregon. First, simplify the way laws are written, and ensure officers understand them. Second, ensure consistency and coordination across state agencies. Officers also expressed the need for more resources to address impaired driving, such as additional drug recognition experts. These lessons may be helpful to agencies navigating legal changes related to illicit substances.<\/p>\n<p>Kris Henning, Mauri Matsuda, and Greg Stewart, \u201cDazed and Confused: Difficulties for Law Enforcement During Oregon\u2019s Transition to a Legal Marijuana Market,\u201d <em>Police Quarterly<\/em> 26, 4 (2023): 466\u2013494.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research abounds on topics related to law enforcement and criminal justice, and it can be difficult to sift through it all. Informer breaks down three studies for law enforcement leaders to help keep them up to date.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10551,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[152,919],"tags":[2313],"class_list":["post-76167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-columns","category-informer","tag-informer"],"acf":{"subtitle":"","post_author":"","main_category":"Informer","legacy_article_id":"","legacy_issue_id":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.8 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Informer: January 2024 - Police Chief Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.policechiefmagazine.org\/informer-january-2024\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Informer: January 2024\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research abounds on topics related to law enforcement and criminal justice, and it can be difficult to sift through it all. 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